An Investigation of IoT‐Based Smart Student Dormitory Fire Prevention Systems in Kano Municipal LGA, Kano State
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- NGN 5000
Background of the study
Student dormitories in Kano Municipal LGA are critical residential facilities that require robust safety measures due to the high density of occupants and the associated risks of fire outbreaks. Traditional fire prevention systems in dormitories often rely on periodic inspections and manual alarms, which can result in delayed responses during emergencies. The integration of IoT-based smart fire prevention systems offers a transformative approach by continuously monitoring environmental conditions and detecting early signs of fire hazards. These systems employ a range of sensors—such as smoke detectors, temperature sensors, and gas leak detectors—that are interconnected to provide real-time alerts and automated responses (Chinwe, 2023). The use of IoT technology not only enhances the speed of fire detection but also improves the overall reliability of the prevention system by reducing human error. Real-time data transmission allows for immediate notification to dormitory management and local fire services, thereby reducing the potential for large-scale disasters (Ibrahim, 2024).
Moreover, the incorporation of smart algorithms and data analytics in these systems facilitates predictive maintenance and continuous improvement of safety protocols. By analyzing historical data on fire incidents and sensor performance, the system can forecast potential hazards and recommend preemptive measures. This proactive approach is essential in densely populated dormitory settings, where the consequences of a fire outbreak can be catastrophic. However, despite the promising potential of IoT-based fire prevention systems, challenges such as high initial costs, integration with existing infrastructure, and cybersecurity concerns remain significant obstacles. Additionally, the effectiveness of these systems is often limited by the variability in sensor accuracy and the need for regular maintenance (Chinwe, 2023). This study investigates the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing IoT-based smart fire prevention systems in student dormitories in Kano Municipal LGA, aiming to provide a comprehensive assessment of their impact on improving residential safety and reducing fire-related incidents.
Statement of the problem
Student dormitories in Kano Municipal LGA face persistent fire hazards that are exacerbated by outdated fire prevention measures and delayed emergency responses. Traditional fire detection systems, which primarily depend on manual monitoring and periodic maintenance, often fail to detect fire outbreaks at an early stage, thereby increasing the risk of rapid fire spread and significant property damage (Ibrahim, 2024). Furthermore, the lack of integration between fire detection devices and emergency response protocols hampers the timely mobilization of fire services, resulting in preventable losses of life and property. While IoT-based smart fire prevention systems offer a promising alternative through continuous monitoring and real-time alerts, their implementation is hindered by several challenges. High installation costs, potential sensor inaccuracies, and cybersecurity risks limit their widespread adoption in dormitory settings. Additionally, there is a significant gap in the training of dormitory staff and residents on how to respond to automated alerts, which further undermines the system’s efficacy (Chinwe, 2023). The absence of a cohesive and integrated fire prevention strategy that leverages modern technology has left dormitory residents vulnerable to fire outbreaks. This study seeks to investigate the barriers to the effective implementation of IoT-based smart fire prevention systems in student dormitories and to identify strategies to enhance system reliability and user responsiveness. By addressing these issues, the research aims to provide a framework for a safer residential environment that minimizes fire risks and ensures prompt emergency intervention (Ibrahim, 2024).
Objectives of the study
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To assess the effectiveness of IoT-based fire prevention systems in dormitory settings.
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To identify technical and operational challenges in system deployment.
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To develop recommendations for improving user responsiveness and system integration.
Research questions
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How effective are IoT-based fire prevention systems in detecting early fire hazards?
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What are the main challenges in implementing these systems in dormitories?
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How can the system be optimized to ensure prompt emergency response?
Significance of the study
This study is crucial for enhancing fire safety in student dormitories by evaluating the potential of IoT-based smart systems to prevent fire outbreaks. The findings will inform policymakers and dormitory managers on effective strategies for integrating advanced fire prevention technologies, thereby reducing risks and safeguarding lives and property (Chinwe, 2023; Ibrahim, 2024).
Scope and limitations of the study
The study is limited to IoT-based fire prevention systems in student dormitories in Kano Municipal LGA. Limitations include high installation costs and sensor maintenance challenges.
Definitions of terms
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IoT (Internet of Things): A network of devices that collect and exchange data in real time.
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Fire Prevention System: A technology-driven system designed to detect and prevent fire hazards.
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Sensor Accuracy: The degree to which a sensor correctly measures a physical parameter.
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